49 49:@0.922865:0.967627:0.939026:0.966558:0.939026:0.950778:0.922865:0.951847:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
Teoría ácido-base según Brønsted-Lowry:@0.108426:0.110560:0.560338:0.110560:0.560338:0.065900:0.108426:0.065900:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
CN.Q.5.2.4. Examinar y clasificar la composición, formulación y nomenclatura de los hidróxidos, diferenciar los métodos de obtención de los hidróxidos :@0.108231:0.900070:0.854278:0.900070:0.854278:0.888594:0.108231:0.888594:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
de los metales alcalinos del resto de metales e identificar la función de estos compuestos según la teoría de Brönsted-Lowry.:@0.108231:0.910129:0.718423:0.910129:0.718423:0.898652:0.108231:0.898652:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
CN.Q.5.2.5. Examinar y clasificar la composición, formulación y nomenclatura de los ácidos: hidrácidos y oxácidos, e identificar la función de estos com-:@0.108231:0.920187:0.851496:0.920187:0.851496:0.908711:0.108231:0.908711:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
puestos según la teoría de Brönsted-Lowry.:@0.108231:0.930246:0.319603:0.930246:0.319603:0.918769:0.108231:0.918769:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
+:@0.207323:0.361362:0.236674:0.361362:0.236674:0.317155:0.207323:0.317155:0.000000
–:@0.468611:0.361362:0.496202:0.361362:0.496202:0.317155:0.468611:0.317155:0.000000
La definición de Arrhenius de ácidos y bases por disociación iónica :@0.108426:0.130540:0.600046:0.130540:0.600046:0.114042:0.108426:0.114042:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
explicaba muchas de las propiedades de estas sustancias. Sin embar-:@0.108426:0.147891:0.595952:0.147891:0.595952:0.131393:0.108426:0.131393:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
go, su definición dejaba fuera a ciertas sustancias, como el amoníaco :@0.108426:0.165241:0.600067:0.165241:0.600067:0.148744:0.108426:0.148744:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
NH  que, sin poseer iones OH , se comportaba igual que una base.:@0.108426:0.182592:0.580162:0.182592:0.580162:0.166094:0.108426:0.166094:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
3:@0.133605:0.185870:0.138558:0.185870:0.138558:0.176252:0.133605:0.176252:0.000000
–:@0.320494:0.176239:0.326616:0.176239:0.326616:0.166621:0.320494:0.166621:0.000000
Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted (1879-1947), químico danés, y Thomas :@0.108417:0.217294:0.600121:0.217294:0.600121:0.200796:0.108417:0.200796:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
Martin Lowry (1874-1936), físico y químico inglés, ampliaron la defi-:@0.108417:0.234644:0.596004:0.234644:0.596004:0.218147:0.108417:0.218147:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
nición de ácido y base. Estaba claro que los ácidos cedían protones :@0.108417:0.251995:0.600138:0.251995:0.600138:0.235498:0.108417:0.235498:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
(H ) y se sabía que las bases se comportaban en forma opuesta a los :@0.108417:0.269346:0.600128:0.269346:0.600128:0.252848:0.108417:0.252848:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
1+:@0.126746:0.262993:0.138000:0.262993:0.138000:0.253375:0.126746:0.253375:0.000000:0.000000
ácidos. De acuerdo con esta relación, estos científicos definen a los :@0.108428:0.286697:0.600051:0.286697:0.600051:0.270199:0.108428:0.270199:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
ácidos y las bases de la siguiente manera::@0.108428:0.304047:0.396189:0.304047:0.396189:0.287550:0.108428:0.287550:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
Ácido:@0.115248:0.374969:0.160521:0.374969:0.160521:0.358023:0.115248:0.358023:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
 es toda sustancia ca-:@0.160521:0.374506:0.324103:0.374506:0.324103:0.358008:0.160521:0.358008:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
paz de :@0.115248:0.391857:0.166376:0.391857:0.166376:0.375359:0.115248:0.375359:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
ceder:@0.166376:0.392319:0.208972:0.392319:0.208972:0.375373:0.166376:0.375373:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
 protones (H ). :@0.208974:0.391857:0.323887:0.391864:0.323887:0.375366:0.208974:0.375359:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
1+:@0.299783:0.385512:0.311037:0.385512:0.311037:0.375894:0.299783:0.375894:0.000000:0.000000
Base:@0.381471:0.374976:0.416457:0.374976:0.416457:0.358030:0.381471:0.358030:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
 es toda sustancia capaz :@0.416457:0.374513:0.589825:0.374513:0.589825:0.358015:0.416457:0.358015:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
de :@0.381471:0.390852:0.403472:0.390852:0.403472:0.374354:0.381471:0.374354:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
aceptar:@0.403472:0.391314:0.461902:0.391314:0.461902:0.374368:0.403472:0.374368:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
 protones (H ).:@0.461904:0.390852:0.572683:0.390858:0.572683:0.374360:0.461904:0.374354:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
1+:@0.552723:0.384506:0.563977:0.384506:0.563977:0.374888:0.552723:0.374888:0.000000:0.000000
Este concepto de basicidad aclaraba el comportamiento básico del :@0.108236:0.433815:0.600071:0.433815:0.600071:0.417318:0.108236:0.417318:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
NH , a pesar de no poseer iones (OH ) y explicaba el carácter ácido :@0.108236:0.451166:0.600101:0.451169:0.600101:0.434672:0.108236:0.434668:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
3:@0.133410:0.454447:0.138363:0.454447:0.138363:0.444829:0.133410:0.444829:0.000000
1–:@0.373685:0.444817:0.384759:0.444817:0.384759:0.435199:0.373685:0.435199:0.000000:0.000000
o básico de otras sustancias, sin necesidad de estar formando una :@0.108225:0.468520:0.600067:0.468520:0.600067:0.452022:0.108225:0.452022:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
solución acuosa.:@0.108225:0.485871:0.225186:0.485871:0.225186:0.469373:0.108225:0.469373:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
NH  + H O:@0.244218:0.515541:0.324495:0.515543:0.324495:0.499045:0.244218:0.499043:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
3:@0.269413:0.518821:0.274366:0.518821:0.274366:0.509203:0.269413:0.509203:0.000000
3:@0.305826:0.518821:0.310779:0.518821:0.310779:0.509203:0.305826:0.509203:0.000000
1+:@0.324495:0.509191:0.335749:0.509191:0.335749:0.499573:0.324495:0.499573:0.000000:0.000000
  :@0.335749:0.515760:0.343917:0.515760:0.343917:0.499045:0.335749:0.499045:0.000000:0.000000
  NH  + H O:@0.360157:0.515543:0.459958:0.515543:0.459958:0.499045:0.360157:0.499045:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
4:@0.393622:0.518821:0.398575:0.518821:0.398575:0.509203:0.393622:0.509203:0.000000
1+:@0.398575:0.509194:0.409829:0.509194:0.409829:0.499576:0.398575:0.499576:0.000000:0.000000
2:@0.441287:0.518821:0.446241:0.518821:0.446241:0.509203:0.441287:0.509203:0.000000
Las condiciones de la Tierra impiden que existan protones libres en el :@0.108232:0.545213:0.600184:0.545213:0.600184:0.528715:0.108232:0.528715:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
ambiente, por tal motivo, siempre buscarán una base a la cual adhe-:@0.108232:0.562564:0.595932:0.562564:0.595932:0.546066:0.108232:0.546066:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
rirse. El proceso de ganar o perder protones es reversible ( ). En este :@0.108232:0.579914:0.600109:0.579917:0.600109:0.563419:0.108232:0.563417:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
sentido, sucede lo siguiente::@0.108229:0.597268:0.305097:0.597268:0.305097:0.580770:0.108229:0.580770:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
•:@0.108231:0.628458:0.115649:0.628458:0.115649:0.610655:0.108231:0.610655:0.000000
  El ácido, al perder un protón, se transforma en una base conjugada.:@0.115448:0.627694:0.594835:0.627694:0.594835:0.611197:0.115448:0.611197:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
•:@0.108231:0.646563:0.115649:0.646563:0.115649:0.628760:0.108231:0.628760:0.000000
  Una base, al ganar un protón, se transforma en un ácido conjugado.:@0.115448:0.645799:0.595934:0.645799:0.595934:0.629302:0.115448:0.629302:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
•:@0.108231:0.664668:0.115649:0.664668:0.115649:0.646865:0.108231:0.646865:0.000000
  El ácido y su base correspondiente forman un sistema conjugado.:@0.115448:0.663905:0.595169:0.663905:0.595169:0.647407:0.115448:0.647407:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
NH:@0.143646:0.770037:0.166636:0.770037:0.166636:0.754974:0.143646:0.754974:0.000000:0.000000
3:@0.166635:0.773029:0.171158:0.773029:0.171158:0.764247:0.166635:0.764247:0.000000
H O:@0.201598:0.770037:0.229936:0.770037:0.229936:0.754974:0.201598:0.754974:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
3:@0.212890:0.773029:0.217413:0.773029:0.217413:0.764247:0.212890:0.764247:0.000000
1+:@0.229936:0.764237:0.240211:0.764237:0.240211:0.755455:0.229936:0.755455:0.000000:0.000000
NH:@0.379295:0.770037:0.402285:0.770037:0.402285:0.754974:0.379295:0.754974:0.000000:0.000000
4:@0.402286:0.773029:0.406809:0.773029:0.406809:0.764247:0.402286:0.764247:0.000000
1+:@0.406809:0.764239:0.417084:0.764239:0.417084:0.755458:0.406809:0.755458:0.000000:0.000000
H O:@0.506486:0.770037:0.534824:0.770037:0.534824:0.754974:0.506486:0.754974:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
2:@0.517779:0.773029:0.522301:0.773029:0.522301:0.764247:0.517779:0.764247:0.000000
Base:@0.131485:0.790671:0.160542:0.790671:0.160542:0.775608:0.131485:0.775608:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
(B):@0.131485:0.806513:0.150729:0.806513:0.150729:0.791450:0.131485:0.791450:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
Ácido:@0.195935:0.790671:0.235073:0.790671:0.235073:0.775608:0.195935:0.775608:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
(A):@0.195935:0.806513:0.217641:0.806513:0.217641:0.791450:0.195935:0.791450:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
Ácido conjugado Base conjugada:@0.342003:0.790671:0.570990:0.790671:0.570990:0.775608:0.342003:0.775608:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
(Ac):@0.383709:0.806513:0.412644:0.806513:0.412644:0.791450:0.383709:0.791450:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
(Bc):@0.507278:0.806513:0.533998:0.806513:0.533998:0.791450:0.507278:0.791450:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
Sistemas conjugados:@0.117923:0.725133:0.270598:0.725133:0.270598:0.708419:0.117923:0.708419:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
En las ecuaciones iónicas, :@0.676493:0.565411:0.843983:0.565411:0.843983:0.550348:0.676493:0.550348:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
utiliza :@0.638498:0.581676:0.685849:0.581676:0.685849:0.566203:0.638498:0.566203:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
el siguiente cifrado para :@0.685849:0.581253:0.842873:0.581253:0.842873:0.566190:0.685849:0.566190:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
identificar el sistema conjugado::@0.638498:0.597095:0.845688:0.597095:0.845688:0.582032:0.638498:0.582032:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
A: ácido:@0.638498:0.620066:0.691145:0.620066:0.691145:0.605003:0.638498:0.605003:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
Ac: ácido conjugado:@0.638498:0.635908:0.771600:0.635908:0.771600:0.620845:0.638498:0.620845:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
B: base:@0.638498:0.651750:0.682542:0.651750:0.682542:0.636687:0.638498:0.636687:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
Bc: base conjugada:@0.638498:0.667592:0.761660:0.667592:0.761660:0.652529:0.638498:0.652529:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
Ejercicio resuelto:@0.677681:0.537370:0.814416:0.537370:0.814416:0.519688:0.677681:0.519688:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
HF +H O:@0.650939:0.695465:0.719887:0.695465:0.719887:0.680930:0.650939:0.680930:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
2:@0.703700:0.698236:0.708222:0.698236:0.708222:0.689762:0.703700:0.689762:0.000000
F + H O:@0.769842:0.695465:0.834387:0.695465:0.834387:0.680930:0.769842:0.680930:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
1–:@0.777160:0.690083:0.786038:0.690083:0.786038:0.682457:0.777160:0.682457:0.000000:0.000000
3:@0.817938:0.698236:0.822460:0.698236:0.822460:0.689762:0.817938:0.689762:0.000000
1+:@0.834387:0.690083:0.843485:0.690083:0.843485:0.682457:0.834387:0.682457:0.000000:0.000000
A:@0.654633:0.715607:0.665103:0.715607:0.665103:0.701072:0.654633:0.701072:0.000000
B:@0.697753:0.715607:0.706247:0.715607:0.706247:0.701072:0.697753:0.701072:0.000000
Bc:@0.774881:0.715607:0.790562:0.715607:0.790562:0.701072:0.774881:0.701072:0.000000:0.000000
Ac:@0.816528:0.715607:0.833984:0.715607:0.833984:0.701072:0.816528:0.701072:0.000000:0.000000
KOH + H O:@0.645936:0.749314:0.714769:0.749314:0.714769:0.736233:0.645936:0.736233:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
3:@0.700491:0.751808:0.704560:0.751808:0.704560:0.744182:0.700491:0.744182:0.000000
1+:@0.713864:0.744272:0.722434:0.744272:0.722434:0.736645:0.713864:0.736645:0.000000:0.000000
K +:@0.769579:0.749314:0.795880:0.749314:0.795880:0.736233:0.769579:0.736233:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
1+:@0.778158:0.744272:0.787256:0.744272:0.787256:0.736645:0.778158:0.736645:0.000000:0.000000
H O:@0.812948:0.749314:0.837569:0.749314:0.837569:0.736233:0.812948:0.736233:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
2:@0.822765:0.751808:0.826834:0.751808:0.826834:0.744182:0.822765:0.744182:0.000000
HCl + H O:@0.648099:0.805804:0.721436:0.805804:0.721436:0.791270:0.648099:0.791270:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
2:@0.705250:0.808575:0.709772:0.808575:0.709772:0.800102:0.705250:0.800102:0.000000
Cl + H O:@0.766299:0.805804:0.833882:0.805804:0.833882:0.791270:0.766299:0.791270:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
1–:@0.779716:0.800202:0.789580:0.800202:0.789580:0.791728:0.779716:0.791728:0.000000:0.000000
3:@0.817432:0.808575:0.821954:0.808575:0.821954:0.800102:0.817432:0.800102:0.000000
1+:@0.833882:0.800202:0.843990:0.800202:0.843990:0.791728:0.833882:0.791728:0.000000:0.000000
En dos vasos de vidrio, :@0.676493:0.119027:0.825813:0.119027:0.825813:0.103964:0.676493:0.103964:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
coloca:@0.638498:0.135291:0.684268:0.135291:0.684268:0.119819:0.638498:0.119819:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
 una infusión de té. En el :@0.684268:0.134869:0.846270:0.134869:0.846270:0.119806:0.684268:0.119806:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
primero, :@0.638498:0.150711:0.696669:0.150711:0.696669:0.135648:0.638498:0.135648:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
añade:@0.696669:0.151133:0.739235:0.151133:0.739235:0.135661:0.696669:0.135661:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
 unas gotas de :@0.739236:0.150711:0.836085:0.150711:0.836085:0.135648:0.739236:0.135648:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
zumo de limón y en el segundo :@0.638498:0.166553:0.846745:0.166553:0.846745:0.151490:0.638498:0.151490:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
unas gotas de vinagre.:@0.638498:0.182395:0.780661:0.182395:0.780661:0.167332:0.638498:0.167332:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
Observa establece:@0.638498:0.341237:0.777176:0.341237:0.777176:0.325765:0.638498:0.325765:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
 y :@0.697108:0.340815:0.711814:0.340815:0.711814:0.325752:0.697108:0.325752:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
 qué :@0.777176:0.340815:0.809401:0.340815:0.809401:0.325752:0.777176:0.325752:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
similitudes puedes encontrar en :@0.638498:0.356657:0.849663:0.356657:0.849663:0.341594:0.638498:0.341594:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
el comportamiento de las dos :@0.638498:0.372499:0.836875:0.372499:0.836875:0.357436:0.638498:0.357436:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
soluciones.:@0.638498:0.388341:0.709599:0.388341:0.709599:0.373278:0.638498:0.373278:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
Laboratorio casero:@0.677681:0.090986:0.825433:0.090986:0.825433:0.073303:0.677681:0.073303:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
Shutterstock, 243751141:@0.871533:0.392322:0.871533:0.324149:0.860064:0.324149:0.860064:0.392322:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
Archivo editorial Maya Educación, 2025.:@0.423181:0.844196:0.595961:0.844196:0.595961:0.834154:0.423181:0.834154:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
 ©:@0.079553:0.731952:0.079553:0.720342:0.061505:0.720342:0.061505:0.731952:0.000000:0.000000
maya:@0.080774:0.720340:0.080774:0.684191:0.055786:0.684191:0.055786:0.720340:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000
®EDUCACIÓN – Libro resuelto solo para fines didácticos – Prohibida su reproducción :@0.079553:0.684191:0.079553:0.268044:0.061505:0.268044:0.061505:0.684191:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000:0.000000